BS in ESTONIA

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Urmas and colleagues have written articles on this topic, here you can read more - interesting (and sad) information:

2024: Low juvenile survival threatens the Black Stork Ciconia nigra in northern Europe
2021: The abundance, reproductive success and apparent survival in the Estonian black stork population in 1991–2020
2019: Solitude at periphery: lack of partners limits reproduction of the Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) at the margin of the distribution range
2015: Spatio-temporal variation in nestling sex ratio among the Black Stork Ciconia nigra populations across Europe
2005: Have recent changes in forest structure reduced the Estonian black stork Ciconia nigra population?
2003: Nest trees - a limiting factor for the Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) population in Estonia
2001: Foraging habitats of the black stork in Estonia
2000: Will the black stork remain to breed in Estonia?

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2024

Low juvenile survival threatens the Black Stork Ciconia nigra in northern Europe
(already here: viewtopic.php?f=84&p=28419#p28419 posted on 07.04.2024)

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2021

The abundance, reproductive success and apparent survival in the Estonian black stork population in 1991–2020

In Estonia, the black stork (Ciconia nigra) is a strictly protected species, whose conservation efficiency depends on precise monitoring of abundance and reproductive success. We analysed its population dynamics in 1991–2020 by combining abundance data from various monitoring plots. We also analysed changes in reproductive parameters during the same period, using nest monitoring results, and estimated apparent survival using resighting data of birds marked by colour rings or GPS transmitters. During the three decades, numbers of the black stork decreased three times in Estonia. We also detected significant decline of breeding success (from 45% to 25%), nearly significant decline of productivity (from 1.1 to 0.7 nestling per occupied nest) and decreasing proportion of juveniles among resighted birds. Mean apparent annual survival was 8–12% for 1st year birds and 78–84% for older birds (82–86% in males, 54–67% in females). The main proximate causes for decreasing black stork numbers in Estonia are probably low breeding success and high mortality of juveniles and adult females. The main ultimate cause is probably lack of food, owing to forest drainage, which is resulting in low condition of storks.

Väli, Ülo & Nellis, Rein & Kaldma, Katrin & Vainu, Olavi & Sellis, Urmas. (2021). The abundance, reproductive success and apparent survival in the Estonian black stork population in 1991–2020.


estonian https://www.eoy.ee/hirundo/files/Vali-et-al-2021.pdf

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2019

Solitude at periphery: lack of partners limits reproduction of the Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) at the margin of the distribution range

Understanding the mechanisms forming species’ ranges is a central ecological question, which could be answered by analysing factors limiting peripheral populations. In threatened species, such studies are essential for establishing effective conservation measures across the range. We analysed factors potentially influencing breeding in a declining peripheral population of a long-lived bird, the Black Stork (Ciconia nigra). We assessed reproductive success and the effects of intra- and interspecific competition, as well as predation by recording events at nests by remote cameras (camera traps and a webcam). Productivity of storks was low (1.1 fledglings per occupied nest) compared to the other parts of the range and resulted mainly from the lower proportion of successful nests (37% of occupied nests). The main reason for low breeding success was the occupancy of many nests (35%) by single non-reproductive birds.

Konovalov, A., Nellis, R., Nellis, R., Nurmla, A., Sellis, U., & Väli, Ülo. (2019). Solitude at periphery: lack of partners limits reproduction of the Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) at the margin of the distribution range. Ornis Fennica, 96(1), 13–23. https://doi.org/10.51812/of.133943

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2015: Spatio-temporal variation in nestling sex ratio among the Black Stork Ciconia nigra populations across Europe

Konovalov, Annika & Kaldma, Katrin & Bokotey, Andriy & Brossault, Paul & Chapalain, Frederic & Dmitrenok, Marina & Dzyubenko, Natalie & Sellis, Urmas & Strazds, Maris & Strenna, Luc & Treinys, Rimgaudas & Zielinski, Piotr & Väli, Ülo. (2015). Spatio-temporal variation in nestling sex ratio among the Black Stork Ciconia nigra populations across Europe. Journal of Ornithology. 156. 10.1007/s10336-014-1135-8.

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2005: Have recent changes in forest structure reduced the Estonian black stork Ciconia nigra population?

Lõhmus, Asko & Sellis, Urmas & Rosenvald, Raul. (2005). Have recent changes in forest structure reduced the Estonian black stork Ciconia nigra population?. Biodiversity and Conservation. 14. 1421-1432. 10.1007/s10531-004-9667-5.

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2003: Nest trees - a limiting factor for the Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) population in Estonia

Vlachos, Christos & Bakaloudis, Dimitrios & Alexandrou, Olga & Bontzorlos, Vasileios & Papakosta, Malamati. (2008). Factors affecting the nest site selection of the black stork, Ciconia nigra in the Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli National Park, North-Eastern Greece. Folia Zoologica -Praha-. 57. 252-257.

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2001: Foraging habitats of the black stork in Estonia

Lõhmus, Asko & Sellis, Urmas. (2001). Foraging habitats of the black stork in Estonia. Hirundo. 14. 109-112.

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2000: Will the black stork remain to breed in Estonia?

Sellis, Urmas. (2000). Will the black stork remain to breed in Estonia?. Hirundo. 13. 19-30.